Promjene diskursa o smrtnoj kazni u SR Hrvatskoj 1980.-1990.

master's thesis

• Title (english): The changes in death penalty discourse in the Socialist Republic of Croatia 1980-1990
• Author: Katarina Šegović
• Mentor: Krešimir Petković (mentor)
• Committee member: Krešimir Petković (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marko Grdešić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anka Kekez Koštro (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; The Faculty of Political Science; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Political Science

Abstract

Smrtna kazna postojala je od samih početaka ljudskog života, a ona je najteži oblik sankcije unutar kaznenog zakonodavstva država. Također, jedno je od najizazovnijih pitanja u pravosudnim sustavima diljem svijeta, a karakteriziraju ga politička, pravna te moralna pitanja koja dijele društvo. Njena se uporaba tijekom vremena smanjila, no nije se ukinula. Smrtna kazna se u sadašnjosti provodi u državama poput Sjedinjenih Američkih Država, Kine, Saudijske Arabije, itd. Njena upotreba u Socijalističkoj Republici Hrvatskoj, koja je bila dio SFRJ, trajala je do njenog osamostaljenja, točnije do 1990. godine. Smrtna kazna bila je sastavni dio zakonodavstva Jugoslavije, a tijekom 1970-ih godina zakoni su se postrožili te je ona bila nešto češće korištena. Tijekom 80-ih godina prošlog stoljeća u društvu dolazi do većeg zanimanja za ljudska prava što je rezultiralo većem protivljenju njenog provođenja. Jača pokret abolicionizma u svijetu pa tako i u Jugoslaviji. Njenom je ukidanju pogodovala situacija u kojoj su se države nalazile. Naime, došlo je do sloma najvećih komunističkih saveza država te su se brojne države okrenule demokratizaciji i liberalizaciji. Hrvatska se sve više okretala Zapadu, a na njenu odluku o ukidanju smrtne kazne utjecaj je imala i Katolička Crkva koja joj se sve više protivila. Hrvatska je, uz Sloveniju, bila jedna od prvih zemalja koje su ukinule smrtnu kaznu svojim osamostaljenjem što govori o njihovoj želji da krenu novim putem koji je bio fokusiran na zaštitu ljudskih prava i sloboda.

Abstract (english)

The death penalty has existed since the earliest days of human society and is the most severe form of punishment within a country's legal system. It remains one of the most controversial issues in judicial systems around the world, involving political, legal, and moral debates that often divide societies. While its use has declined over time, it has not been fully abolished. Today, the death penalty is still practiced in countries like the United States, China, and Saudi Arabia. In the Socialist Republic of Croatia, which was part of the former Yugoslavia, the death penalty was in place until the country gained independence in 1990. It was a key component of Yugoslav law, and during the 1970s, legislation became stricter, leading to more frequent use of capital punishment. However, by the 1980s, there was growing public concern for human rights, and opposition to the death penalty increased. The global abolitionist movement gained traction in Yugoslavia as well. The fall of the major communist blocs prompted many countries to move toward democratization and liberalization. Croatia increasingly looked to the West, and the Catholic Church, which grew more vocal in its opposition to the death penalty, also played a role in its eventual abolition. Croatia, alongside Slovenia, was one of the first countries to abolish the death penalty after gaining independence, signaling a shift toward a future focused on the protection of human rights and freedoms.

• Keywords: smrtna kazna; SR Hrvatska; SFRJ; abolicionizam; utjecaj medija
• Keywords (english): death penalty; Socialist Republic of Croatia; Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; abolitionism; influence of the media
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:114:963784
• Study programme: Title: Political Science; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra politologije (magistar/magistra politologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-10-01 08:36:56