Povijesno-politički uvjeti nastanka populizma: trostruke studije slučaja Turske, Francuske i Kanade

master's thesis

• Title (english): Historical-Political Conditions of Appearance of populism: triple case study of Turkey, France and Canada
• Author: Ines Ora
• Mentor: Nebojša Blanuša (mentor)
• Committee member: Nebojša Blanuša (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanjin Dragojević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zlatan Krajina (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; The Faculty of Political Science; (Department of Media and Communication); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-09-25, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Information and Communication Sciences; Journalism

Abstract

Populizam je aktualan politički fenomen o kojem se mnogo raspravlja u posljednjih nekoliko desetljeća. Postavlja se pitanje kako se i zašto pojavljuje u nekim zemljama, dok u drugima ne. U radu nastojim putem višestruke studije slučaja objasniti kako se ključni politički lideri u Francuskoj, Turskoj i Kanadi koriste populističkim diskursom. Ono što im omogućuje artikuliranje populizma u govorima su različito pojmljene krize i politička kultura. U Francuskoj i Turskoj Marine Le Pen i Recep Tayyip Erdoğan u svojim kampanjskim videspotovima koriste se populističkom retorikom kako bi mobilizirali narod. Riječ je o populističkom konceptu naroda, a ne o cijelom narodu unutar njihovih zemalja. U Francuskoj Marine Le Pen zastupa protuimigracijsku politiku i nastoji stvoriti egzistencijalni strah, kriveći političke elite koje naziva oligarhijom za migrantsku krizu i podređivanje nacionalnih interesima onima Europske Unije. U Turskoj Erdoğan kritizira sekularizam, opoziciju, Zapad i Europsku Uniju, čime udara u temelje stupova demokracije republike Turske, stvarajući tako u zemlji krizu demokracije. U Kanadi se populizam veže za premijera Justina Trudeaua, no u ovom slučaju je riječ o „krnjem“ populizmu u kojem nedostaje nužan koncept političkih elita i „opasnih drugih“. U Kanadi do populizma kakav se pojavljuje u Francuskoj i Kanadi ne može doći zbog multikulturalizma koji je na snazi u ovoj federalnoj državi.

Abstract (english)

Populism is an actual political phenomenon, about which there has been a lot of discussion during last few decades. The question is why does it appear in some states, and in some not. In my paper I am trying to explain, by using multiple case-study, how do key political leaders in France, Turkey and Canada use populist discourse. They are in possibility to use populism in their speeches because of different types of crisis in their states and also different political culture. In France and Turkey, Marine Le Pen and Recep Tayyip Erdogan are usinbg populist rhetoric in their campaign videospots to mobilize the people. Here we find „the people“ as a populist concept, meaning that not all the people in their states are included in that category. In France, Marine Le Pen advocates anti-immigrational policy and she seeks to create existential fear, blaming political elites she calls oligarchy for migrant crisis and subordination of national policy in order to fulfill interests of European Union. In Turkey, Erdogan criticizes secularism, opposition, „West“ and European Union, creating crisis of democracy in Turkey. In Canada we bound populism with Justin Trudeau, the prime minister, but in this case we are talking about „truncated“ populism, in which we are missing the concepts of political elites and „dangerous others“. In Canada we can't have populism as we have in France and Turkey because of multiculturalism that has its strenght in this federal state.

• Keywords: populizam; Marine Le Pen; Nacionalna Fronta; Recep Tayyip Erdoğan; AKP; Justin Trudeau; kriza
• Keywords (english): populism; Marine Le Pen; National Front; Recep Tayyip Erdogan; AKP; Justin Trudeau; crisis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:114:568700
• Study programme: Title: Journalism; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra novinarstva (magistar/magistra novinarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-10-30 12:01:01