Uloga predsjednika u procesu demokratske tranzicije u Hrvatskoj - od stvarne k simboličnoj moći

master's thesis

• Title (english): The Role of President in the Process of Democratic Transition in Croatia - from Real towards Symbolic Power
• Author: Katarina Ščetinec
• Mentor: Dario Nikić Čakar (mentor)
• Committee member: Dario Nikić Čakar (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Davor Boban (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nenad Zakošek (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; The Faculty of Political Science; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Political Science

Abstract

Polupredsjednički sustav uspostavljen je u Hrvatskoj 1990. godine jednostranom odlukom političke elite HDZ-a i Franje Tuđmana. Nakon pada komunizma, u Hrvatskoj je, kao i u svim nekadašnjim komunističkim zemljama nastupilo razdoblje prilagođavanja novim institucionalnim okolnostima kao i potraga za najboljim rješenjem. Onovremeno, semiprezidencijalizam je djelovao kao najbolje rješenje uzevši u obzir društvene i političke promjene. Koristeći nacionalizam kao strategiju, Tuđman i HDZ uživali su visoku razinu podrške javnosti. Međutim, zanemarivanjem mišljenja oporbe, ograničavanjem medijske slobode i brojnim drugim postupcima doveli su u pitanje uspješnu uspostavu demokracije, a „zagrebačka kriza“ najdramatičniji je primjer antidemokratskog djelovanja tog razdoblja. Ustavnim promjenama 2000. i uspostavom parlamentarne demokracije ovlasti predsjednika značajno su smanjene, a dolaskom na vlast „siječanjske vlade“ i stavljanjem naglaska na reduciranje korupcije, nepotizma, naglašavanjem važnosti slobode medija i odnosa s civilnim društvom, pojavljuju se naznake pozitivne demokratske klime. Stjepan Mesić izabran je za predsjednika 2000. godine, ali zbog ograničenih ovlasti predsjednika, nije imao značajan utjecaj na proces demokratizacije.

Abstract (english)

The semi-presidential system was established in Croatia in 1990 by a unilateral decision of the political elite of HDZ and Franjo Tudjman. After the fall of communism, in Croatia, as in all former communist countries, there was a period of adjustment to new institutional circumstances as well as the search for the best solution. At the time, semi-presidentialism seemed to be the best solution given by social and political changes. Using nationalism as a strategy, Tudjman and the HDZ enjoyed a high level of public support. However, by ignoring opposition opinions, restricting media freedom, and numerous other actions, they have called into question the successful establishment of democracy and the Zagreb Crisis is one of the most dramatic examples of anti-democratic activity of that period. With the constitutional changes in 2000 and the establishment of parliamentary democracy, the powers of the president were significantly reduced, and with the coming to power of the „January government“ and emphasis on reducing corruption, nepotism, emphasizing the importance of media freedom and relations with civil society, emerged positive democratic climates. Stjepan Mesic was elected president in 2000, but due to the president's limited powers, he had no significant influence on the democratization process.

• Keywords: semiprezidencijalizam; Franjo Tuđman; proces demokratizacije; Stjepan Mesić; parlamentarna demokracija
• Keywords (english): semi-presidentialism; Franjo Tudjman; democratization process; Stjepan Mesic; parliamentary democracy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:114:199155
• Study programme: Title: Political Science; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra politologije (magistar/magistra politologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-01-17 10:12:26