Uloga Sjedinjenih Američkih Država u Nikaragvanskoj revoluciji

professional thesis

• Title (english): The role of the United States of America in the Nicaraguan revolution
• Author: Fabijan Palinić
• Mentor: Đana Luša (mentor)
• Committee member: Đana Luša (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidija Kos-Stanišić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Smiljana Leinert-Novosel (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; The Faculty of Political Science; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-05-24, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Political Science

Abstract

U radu se analizira politika SAD-a prema Srednjoj Americi za vrijeme mandata predsjednika Reagana. Uvodno se prati povijest američkih intervencija u Nikaragvi, počevši od 1856. godine kad je Nikaragva prvi put bila žrtva američkog ekspanzionizma. Zatim se prate zbivanja u 20. stoljeću, posebice 1912. godina kad su američki marinci pokorili Nikaragvu na 13 godina, a potom u razdoblju od 1926. do 1933. godine. Na kraju povijesnog pregleda analiziraju se uzroci krize 1980-ih godina, kad su gerilske snage pod FSLN-ovim vodstvom započele s revolucionarnim aktivnostima, koje su dovele do ostavke nikaragvanskog predsjednika Debayleja 1979. Godine 1981. SAD optužuje sandiniste za izvoz terorizma u El Salvador i prekida ekonomsku pomoć Nikaragvi za koju se smatralo kako podržava pobunjenike u El Salvadoru. Reagan počinje podržavati gerilske snage (kontraše) protiv sandinista. U drugom dijelu rada analiziraju se uzroci američke involviranosti u Nikaragvu za vrijeme i nakon revolucionarnih zbivanja. Treći dio rada problematizira ulogu SAD-a i akcije od strane Kongresa, posebice tajno slanje novca od dobiti koje su SAD stekle prodajom oružja Iranu. Spomenute aktivnosti postale su poznate pod nazivom afera „Irangate“. U radu se polazi od teze kako Nikaragvanska revolucija predstavlja jedan od najnapetijih trenutaka u Hladnom ratu između Istoka i Zapada s obzirom da je ideološka pozadina ovog procesa bio komunizam.

Abstract (english)

The paper analyzes the policy of the USA towards Central America during the term of office of President Reagan. The introduction traces the history of American interventions in Nicaragua, beginning in 1856, when Nicaragua was the first victim of American expansionism. Then the events in the 20th century are followed, especially in 1912, when the American marines conquered Nicaragua for 13 years, and then in the period from 1926 to 1933. At the end of the historical review, the causes of the crisis in the 1980s are analyzed, when guerrilla forces under the leadership of the FSLN began revolutionary activities, which led to the resignation of Nicaraguan President Debayle in 1979. In 1981, the USA accused the Sandinistas of exporting terrorism to El Salvador and cuts off economic help to Nicaragua, which was seen as supporting rebels in El Salvador. Reagan begins to support guerrilla forces (contras) against the Sandinistas. The second part of the paper analyzes the causes of American involvement in Nicaragua during and after the revolutionary events. The third part of the paper problematizes the role of the US and the actions by the Congress, especially the secret transfer of money from the gains that the US obtained from the sale of arms to Iran. The aforementioned activities became known as the "Irangate" affair. The paper starts from the thesis that the Nicaraguan Revolution represents one of the most tense moments in the Cold War between East and West, given that the ideological background of this process was communism.

• Keywords: SAD; Ronald Reagan; Nikaragva; sandinisti; kontraši; revolucija
• Keywords (english): USA; Ronald Reagan; Nicaragua; Sandinistas; Contras; revolution
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:114:711007
• Study programme: Title: Foreign Politics and Diplomacy; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate specialist; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a specijalist/specijalistica za vanjsku politiku i diplomaciju (sveučilišni/a specijalist/specijalistica za vanjsku politiku i diplomaciju)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-07-04 08:54:28